Английский язык. Теория и практика перевода. Учебник

Тихонов А.А.

Возрастное ограничение: 12+ Жанр: Английский и др. языки Издательство: Проспект Дата размещения: 21.05.2013 ISBN: 9785392018772 Язык: Объем текста: 107 стр. Формат: epub

Оглавление

Введение

Глава 1. Перевод простого предложения

Глава 2. Перевод сложного предложения

Глава 3. Перевод неличных форм глагола и синтаксических оборотов

Глава 4. Упражнения

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Глава 4.
Упражнения

Материал упражнений представляет собой предложения, извлеченные из текстов научно-технических журналов и газет и наиболее часто вызывающие затруднения при переводе.

Предложения в основном сгруппированы в соответствии с теоретическими положениями и методическими рекомендациями, изложенными в различных параграфах настоящего пособия, что позволяет широко использовать их при выполнении упражнений.

Каждое упражнение содержит конкретное задание, рассчитанное на закрепление навыков практического перевода и теоретических знаний; некоторые синтаксические обороты и слова выделены в упражнениях полужирным шрифтом, с тем чтобы при переводе выполняющие задания смогли не только запомнить их, но и приобрести навыки быстрого опознавания таких оборотов и слов в тексте.

При выполнении любого упражнения необходимо особое внимание обращать на предлоги, союзы, наречия, артикли и расстановку в предложениях запятых.

Все предложения рекомендуется анализировать, учитывая формальные признаки, перечисленные в соответствующих разделах пособия.

Основной целью выполнения упражнений является не перевод как таковой, а отработка навыков анализа предложения.

Упражнение 1.
Разделите предложение на именные группы и найдите главные члены предложения.
Определите роль остальных именных групп

Образец. We attribute / great importance I to the forthcoming conference / to discuss / the use / of photo-emulsions / for experimental purposes / and the further development / of this reliable method / of studying / the microworld.

1. In this paper we point out the connection existing between the atomic weight of elements of a given group and their properties.

2. In the city's different industrial enterprises unique turbines and generators are being fashioned for the future power stations.

3. Chlorophyll from the food-plant tinges the blood and shows through the skin.

4. The first of these constitutes a study of the variation of an aqueous solution of the alcohol.

5. With either of these a 10% speed reduction involves a 10% waste of power supplied to the driving shaft.

6. One of the ganglions supplies the general musculature of the segment and the other innervates the muscles of the legs.

7. With the construction of the new generating stations the power supply to distant places is now quite possible.

8. The past few years witness a considerable extension in the technique for the preparation of fossil plant remains,

9. Hundreds of fine buildings grace the city today in the vicinity of Moscow Prospect.

10. The summer-fruiting varieties of strawberry grown in the open in Britain generally initiate flower trusses in late summer and autumn.

11. The effective value indicates the actual available amount of energy applied to the circuit.

12. In order to carry out the term by term calculation of the lattice energies the crystal structures are required.

13. A pound of force means one equal to the force required to lift the mass of a pound against the downward pull of gravity.

14. Our fundamental postulate really amounts to a definition.

15. No wonder that the discovery of the incommensurable stirred the Greek philosophers and mathematicians, and that it has retained even today its provocative effect on thoughtful mind.

16. Each ordinary plane intersects the plane at infinity in its line at infinity.

17. A mass of moving matter carries kinetic energy with it, but it exerts no force, until it encounters resistance.

18. Charged particles of matter moving through the rarefied atmosphere constitute an electric current.

19. These two actresses now co-star in a new film.

20. The instability factors for D-arabinose favour the l C form.

21. Treatment with the phage causes rapid dissociation of pure S type Brucella affording R type and a wide range of intermediate types.

22. The alpha ray track apparatus offers a beautiful and convincing proof of the nuclear theory of the atom.

23. Assume a tie line joining a solid phase D with the solution A in equilibrium with the solid.

24. Read the problem several times until you understand exactly what is given and what is to be found.

25. Choose one of the numbers whose values are to be found and write the statement that x equals that number.

26. If there are other unknown numbers in problem, write out the value of each of these other unknowns in terms of x.

27. Check your results by testing whether they satisfy the conditions of the problem.

28. A stable material and industrial bases in combination with planned economy create the favourable conditions for the further development of the civil air fleet.

29. These results mainly offer confirmation of earlier work by other authors.

30. These differences probably condition the tropism of the virus towards the first or the second part of the antigen complex.

Упражнение 2.
Определите сказуемые и определения, выраженные 3-й формой глагола, и переведите предложения

1. The high temperature and other processes used in preparing tobacco for manufacture usually eliminate all insect life in the leaf tobacco.

2. The radiation losses so provided for generally range from 1 to 3%.

3. The bacteria extracted with the alcohol-ether mixture and with chloroform contained 61% of protein.

4. The fractions obtained from these bacteria cells were investigated also by quantitative precipitation.

5. Another machine in the same line also constructed by the company is the three-way multiple drill shown in Fig. 12.

6. Carrier currents superimposed on the protected line at frequencies of 80 to 500 kc/ s formed the channel of communication.

7. The studies extend the scope of existing work, and the electron micrographs presented are the first ones in world literature relating to anti-Brucella phage.

8. Highly efficient new machines installed last year help to mechanize the screwing of tubings.

9. Data collected included height of each variety at maturity and grain yield of each variety.

10. The summer-fruiting varieties of strawberry grown in the open in Britain generally initiate flower trusses in late summer and autumn.

11. The difference in plant height between means of lines derived by the pedigree and bulk method was small and nonsignificant.

12. Four plants randomly selected were measured in each plot and averaged for that plot's height at maturity.

13. The reaction can be pushed to completion if the organic ester formed is more volatile and can be fractioned out of the system.

14. During the years 1957—1959 the first generations from barley seeds treated with various doses of X-ray and thermal neutrons were studied in field conditions at the Experimental Base of Rumanian Institute of Agricultural Research.

15. In the appalling situation revealed by the Press Commission the progressive movement desperately needs voices independent of the Press lords.

16. A snipe caught in the Russian Far East was found to have a ring on its leg, which had been put on in Denmark.

17. Microscopic examination of pollen samples by the method outlined by Pittenberg and Frolic indicated ample supply of full-bodied, viable pollen grains to assure successful pollination.

Упражнение 3.
Найдите сказуемые в пассивном залоге и переведите предложения

Образец. 1. The preparation obtained was referred to as a protein polysaccharide simplex (E9).

2. Rate of growth and final plant height were affected by temperature and photoperiodic effects.

3. Now that methods have been devised for purifying viruses, much has been learned of their chemical nature.

4. A number of environmental factors have been cited by various workers as contributing to shedding of reproductive organs in different crops.

5. If shedding of reproductive parts could be prevented or decreased, yield of many crop plants might be increased.

6. The electrons were thought of as adhering very well to these locations although capable of a certain amount of movement or vibration.

7. The results are examined in the light of existing lower frequency data.

8. To distinguish between the two, the former will be referred to as scanning mixture and latter as reference mixture.

9. A large portion of the applied voltage is used in attempting to force current through a reactor, and this is spoken of in terms of the voltage drop across such devices.

10. Geordie Black, the colliers' leader, is offered 100 000 guineas if he will give a guarantee that he will get the miners to return to work on the employers' terms. But Geordie will not be bought.

11. This positive particle was given the name of the proton.

12. It is obvious at once that isotopes could be accounted for by an increase or decrease in the number of both protons and electrons so that the excess of protons, and hence the charge on the nucleus, remained the same.

Английский и др. языки Тихонов А.А. Английский язык. Теория и практика перевода. Учебник

Английский и др. языки Тихонов А.А. Английский язык. Теория и практика перевода. Учебник

Для правильного и быстрого перевода английского предложения на русский язык недостаточно располагать элементарными знаниями грамматики и определенным запасом слов. Перевод предложения по принципу нанизывания найденных в словаре значений слов в порядке их расположения в английском предложении не дает хороших результатов. Цель пособия – помочь приступающему к переводу английского текста понять взаимосвязь неизвестных слов в предложении и дать несколько приемов, облегчающих перевод оригинального текста. Пособие содержит множество примеров, а также упражнения для закрепления материала. Для школьников, студентов, а также всех изучающих язык самостоятельно. <br><br> <h3><a href="https://litgid.com/read/angliyskiy_yazyk_teoriya_i_praktika_perevoda_uchebnik/page-1.php">Читать фрагмент...</a></h3>