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ОглавлениеUNIT I. Automobile. Development of the Automobile. Automobile Industry UNIT II. Components of Automobile UNIT IV. Engine Operation. The Four-Stroke Cycle. The Two-Stroke Cycle Vocabulary. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I, J, K. L. M. N. O. P, Q. R. S. T, U. V. W Для бесплатного чтения доступна только часть главы! Для чтения полной версии необходимо приобрести книгуUNIT VIII. TireVocabulary: cord – шнур dead – борт (шины) flexibility – гибкость hoop – обруч metal stud – металлический штифт rim – обод rubber – резина tire – шина traction – сила сцепления tread – след Device made of rubber and fabric and attached to the outer rim of a vehicle wheel. Solid rubber tires were in limited use before 1850; they are still used in some special applications, e.g., for industrial trucks in factories. The pneumatic rubber tire uses rubber and enclosed air to reduce vibration and improve traction. It was first patented by Robert W. Thomson, a Scottish civil engineer; however, it was not a commercial success until the Scottish inventor John Dunlop patented a pneumatic bicycle tire in 1888 and started a tire company. The main parts of a modern pneumatic tire are its body, tread and sidewalls, and beads. The body is made of layers of rubberized fabric, called plies that give the tire strength and flexibility. The fabric is made of rayon, nylon, or polyester cord. Covering the plies are sidewalls and tread of chemically treated rubber. The sidewalls form the outer walls of the tire. The tread is a thick hoop of rubber that comes into direct contact with road surfaces. To improve its traction, the tread has patterns of deep and shallow grooves and channels, depending on the intended use, and also may have protruding metal studs for icy or snowy conditions. High-performance tires have treads optimized for warm weather, and winter (or snow) tires are optimized for cold and snow; all-season tires are general-purpose tires. Imbedded in the two inner edges of the tire are steel hoops called beads that hold the tire to the wheel rim. Внимание! Авторские права на книгу "Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство. Учебное пособие" (Руденко Е.Е., Федорова Е.В.) охраняются законодательством! |
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